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Long-fringed Sedge,
Carex crinita var. crinita
Staminate spikes of C. mitchelliana (L) and C. crinita (R) are subtly different. — Eric Ungberg
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Mountain Fringed Sedge,
Carex gynandra
Spikes pendant: 2-5 pistillate, 1-3 staminate, per Flora of North America.
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Mitchell's Sedge,
Carex mitchelliana
Staminate spikes of C. mitchelliana (L) and C. crinita (R) are subtly different. — Eric Ungberg
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Frank's Sedge,
Carex frankii
Along the stem are 3-7 dense, greenish, cylindric, pistillate spikes , per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Sallow Sedge,
Carex lurida
Pistillate spikes oblong, 2.5-5.5cm long, 14-20mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Sallow Sedge,
Carex lurida
Staminate spike 3-8cm long, 2mm broad. Pistillate spikes 2-3, oblong, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Longstalk Sedge,
Carex pedunculata var. pedunculata
The lower spikes are female and occur at the ends of long, arching stalks up to 13cm long, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Florida Yellow-eyed-grass,
Xyris floridana
Mature spikes ovoid, sharply acute. Plants solitary or in small clumps, per Weakley's Flora.
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Fairywand,
Chamaelirium luteum
Pistillate flowers in racemes [with pedicels] or spikes [without pedicels], per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Cinnamon Vine,
Dioscorea polystachya
Male spikes bearing flowers singly, flowers bracteate, internodes < 2 mm, per Flora of North America.
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Cinnamon Vine,
Dioscorea polystachya
Rachis of male spikes obviously zigzagged; flowers sessile, per Flora of China.
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Common Wild Yam,
Dioscorea villosa
Staminate spikes have up to 4 flowers per node, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Common Wild Yam,
Dioscorea villosa
Female (pistillate) spikes have 1 flower per node, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Air Yam,
Dioscorea bulbifera
Flowers rarely, with fragrant spikes to 4" long hanging from leaf axils, per Invasive Plants, Guide to Identification, Impacts and Control (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2007).
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Pepper-elder,
Peperomia pellucida
Spikes can be axillary, terminal, or opposite leaves; solitary (rarely 2+), per Flora of North America.
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Australian-pine,
Casuarina equisetifolia ssp. equisetifolia
Male flowers are borne in slender cylindrical spikes at the twig tips, per www.wiki.bugwood.org.
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Tag Alder,
Alnus serrulata
Pistillate flowers borne in erect, short, ovoid, cone-like spikes, per Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide (Kirkman, Brown, & Leopold, 2007).
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Southern Red Oak,
Quercus falcata
Pistillate flowers with 3-lobed stigmas, solitary or in few-flowered spikes, per Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide (Kirkman, Brown, & Leopold, 2007).
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Blackjack Oak,
Quercus marilandica var. marilandica
Pistillate flowers with 3-lobed stigmas, solitary or in few-flowered spikes, per Native Trees of the Southeast, An Identification Guide (Kirkman, Brown, & Leopold, 2007).
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False Nettle,
Boehmeria cylindrica
Tiny flowers in small headlike clusters arranged along spikes in leaf axils, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001).
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Longbristle Smartweed,
Persicaria longiseta
Deep reddish-pink flowers on erect terminal spikes only 0.2" wide, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Spotted Lady's-thumb,
Persicaria maculosa
Spikes of flowers upright, per Invasive Plants, Guide to Identification, Impacts and Control (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2007).
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Mild Waterpepper,
Persicaria hydropiperoides
Flowers without dotted glands, in erect spikes with gaps between clusters, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Mexican-tea,
Dysphania ambrosioides
Inflorescence of paniculate spikes of cymules, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Lambsquarters,
Chenopodium album var. album
Minute greenish flowers in dense paniculate spikes or cymes, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Spiny Amaranth,
Amaranthus spinosus
Simple or compound terminal staminate spikes, usually green to silvery green, per Flora of North America.
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Florida Cottonseed,
Froelichia floridana var. floridana
Fruiting spike 10-12mm in diameter. Fresh fruiting spikes appearing white, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Slender Cottonweed,
Froelichia gracilis
Fruiting spike 7-8mm in diameter. Fresh fruiting spikes appearing gray, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Coastal Witch-alder,
Fothergilla gardenii
The terminal spikes are delicately scented with a sweet honey fragrance, per Gardening with the Native Plants of Tennessee (Hunter, 2002).
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Coastal Witch-alder,
Fothergilla gardenii
1-2" spikes of white stamens & yellow anthers form little bottlebrushes, per Gardening with the Native Plants of Tennessee (Hunter, 2002).
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Canada Burnet,
Sanguisorba canadensis
Flowers are borne in cylindric spikes, 2-6" long, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Georgia Indigo-bush,
Amorpha georgiana
Shrub to 1m tall, usually multistemmed, glabrate. Spikes to 6cm long, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Pink-tassels,
Dalea carnea
Flowers borne in compact tassel-like spikes 0.5-1.625" long, on branch tips, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Viperina,
Zornia bracteata
Flowers pea-shaped, borne in spikes, the petals deep yellow, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Narrow-leaved Lespedeza,
Lespedeza angustifolia
Flowers whitish with a purplish base, borne in dense long-stalked spikes, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Pineland Threeseed Mercury,
Acalypha ostryifolia
Pistillate flowers chiefly in terminal spikes, staminate in axillary clusters, per Weakley's Flora.
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Pineland Threeseed Mercury,
Acalypha ostryifolia
Pistillate spikes 3-11cm long, bracts deeply cleft into 9-17 linear teeth, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Nettleleaf Noseburn,
Tragia urticifolia
Spikes with 1-2 female flowers at base, 11-40 male flowers above, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Allegheny-spurge,
Pachysandra procumbens
Spikes 4-5" tall, per All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999).
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Allegheny-spurge,
Pachysandra procumbens
1-5 fragrant flower spikes nestle at the base of a petiole , per All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999).
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Biennial Gaura,
Oenothera gaura
Flowers are borne on wand-like, 1-8" spikes. Buds are less than 0.8" long, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Biennial Gaura,
Oenothera gaura
A tall plant (5'+) with long branched spikes bearing many small flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Southern Water-milfoil,
Myriophyllum heterophyllum
Flowers/fruits (subtended by bracts) in erect spikes emersed from water, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Eurasian Water-milfoil,
Myriophyllum spicatum
Flowers/fruits in erect spikes emersed from water, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Brazilian Vervain,
Verbena brasiliensis
Spikes short & stout, flowers/fruits overlapping & completely obscuring rachis, per Weakley's Flora.
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
Slender branched divaricate spikes with a few scattered minute white flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
Minute white flowers in very slender spikes terminating stem and branches, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
To 5' tall, with very slender branched, divaricate, few-flowered spikes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Blue Vervain,
Verbena hastata
Typically the spikes are stiffly erect; perhaps these suffered herbicide damage?
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Blue Vervain,
Verbena hastata
Flowers and fruits distinctly overlapping in the upper part of the spikes, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Narrowleaf Vervain,
Verbena simplex
Flowers occur on one or more blunt-tipped spikes, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Carolina Vervain,
Verbena carnea
The wandlike spikes of 5-lobed flowers are stiffly erect, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Carolina Vervain,
Verbena carnea
Spikes elongate, flowers or fruits well-spaced and not obscuring the rachis, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Stiff Verbena,
Verbena rigida
Flowers with hairy bracts crowded into slender terminal spikes, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Moss Vervain,
Glandularia aristigera
Spikes solitary, 1-10cm long, 1-3.5cm in diameter, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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American Lopseed,
Phryma leptostachya
Flowers 1/4" long in regularly spaced pairs on one or more slender spikes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Carpet Bugle,
Ajuga reptans
Blue flowers in leafy spikes; 6-12" high, creeping at the base, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
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Purple Giant-hyssop,
Agastache scrophulariifolia
Flowers and small pinkish-white bracts densely packed in 6" terminal spikes, per Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019).
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Meehania,
Meehania cordata
Flowers 1" or more long, crowded into one-sided terminal spikes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Catnip,
Nepeta cataria
Flowers in short spikes of crowded clusters terminating the branches, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).