Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Lamiids: Lamiales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Verbena rigida
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Check out EDDMapS.org to see where this has been reported.
Read more about Stiff Verbena at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Verbena rigida
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
(?) VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 162-01-013:
Verbena rigida FAMILY Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Verbena rigida
COMMON NAME:
Stiff Verbena, Tuberous Vervain, Veiny Vervain
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
JK Marlow jkm060427_028
April Greenville County SC
Funnelform flower 2.5x longer than the hairy calyx and subtending bract, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
)
JK Marlow jkm060427_033
April Greenville County SC
Leaves sessile, partially clasping the stem, with flaring coarse teeth, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_v_rigida_tub_vervainz
May
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_verbena_rigida_6
May
)
JK Marlow jkm0407w_37
July Greenville County SC
Roadside
)
JK Marlow jkm0407x_11
July Greenville County SC
Roadside
)
JK Marlow jkm0407x_14
July Greenville County SC
Roadside
)
JK Marlow s040723_ab
July Greenville County SC
Roadside
)
JK Marlow jkm0408i_03
August Greenville County SC
Roadside
)
JK Marlow jkm0408i_05
August Greenville County SC
Roadside
Flowers with hairy bracts crowded into slender terminal spikes, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Verbena rigida
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Verbena rigida
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
(?)
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 162-01-013:
Verbena rigida
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Verbena rigida
1598
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: Prairies, pastures, roadsides, disturbed areas, per Weakley's Flora
Non-native: South America
Common (rare in GA Mountains) (rare in NC Piedmont)
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)
LEAVES:
Simple
Opposite
FLOWER:
Spring/Summer/Fall
Purple/Violet
5-lobed calyx
5-lobed salverform corolla
4 stamens, attached to corolla tube
Superior ovary
FRUIT:
Spring/Summer/Fall
Schizocarp of mericarps
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999) p277
- Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005) p194
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001) p372
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 2nd ed. (McMillan, Porcher, Rayner, & White; 2022) p530
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p371
- Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999) p078
- Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Georgia (Chafin, 2016) p342
- Weeds of Southern Turfgrasses (Murphy et al., 1992) p195
If a search such as "Carex leptalea var. leptalea" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "Carex leptalea".
Or, to minimize chances of a misspelling, try just "Carex le".
Less is more: If "pencil flower" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "pencil".