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European Sweetflag,
Acorus calamus
Inflorescence a cylindric tapering spadix; leaf-like spathe continues up, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Skunk Cabbage,
Symplocarpus foetidus
The brownish-purple, fleshy, hoodlike spathe is usually striped or spotted, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Skunk Cabbage,
Symplocarpus foetidus
The spathe encloses a ball-like spadix with numerous tiny flowers, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
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Green Arrow-arum,
Peltandra virginica
The spadix is enclosed within a green sheathlike envelope (spathe), per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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White Arrow-arum,
Peltandra sagittifolia
Spathe tube light green inside & out, closed; spathe blade white, widely open, per Flora of North America.
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White Arrow-arum,
Peltandra sagittifolia
Inflorescence a spadix subtended by a flared, open, white spathe, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001).
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Green Dragon,
Arisaema dracontium
Spathe hood 2.5-3.5cm long, tightly enclosing the spadix, 1-1.5cm broad when unrolled, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).
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Green Dragon,
Arisaema dracontium
Spadices very long, attenuate, and strongly exserted from the tightly enclosing spathe, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).
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Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
Spathe flange much wider than in A. stewardsonii, acuminatum, or pusillum, per Weakley's Flora.
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Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
Spathe hood underside purple or green with white stripes reaching well above the spadix, per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
A. triphyllum expresses two color morphs: a purple-spathed variant and...
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Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
...a green-spathed variant - both commonly occurring within the same population, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).
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Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
Spathe hides the tiny flowers at spadix base (male on left, female on right).
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Small Jack-in-the-pulpit,
Arisaema pusillum
Spathe flange 1-3mm broad, hood solid green or solid purple, apex acute, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Preacher John,
Arisaema quinatum
Spathe flange 2-9mm broad; hood green, obtuse to abruptly acute, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema species 2
Spathe hood underside purple w white stripes reaching just above spadix (median stripe farther), per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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Bog Jack-in-the-pulpit,
Arisaema stewardsonii
Tube of spathe deeply furrowed on the outside, forming conspicuous ridges, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
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Bog Jack-in-the-pulpit,
Arisaema stewardsonii
Spathe flange 1-3mm broad; spathe hood green with white or purple stripes, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Preacher John,
Arisaema quinatum
Spathe withers after flowering, replaced by a showy cluster of red berries, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Pinellia,
Pinellia ternata
Spadix fused to the spathe (vs. spadix free from the spathe in Arisaema), per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Green Dragon,
Pinellia tripartita
Spadix has a 7-10" whip-like extension which emerges upward from the spathe, per www.missouribotanicalgarden.org.
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Chinese Green Dragon,
Pinellia pedatisecta
Spathe 10-19cm long; spadix 14-20cm long, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Chinese Green Dragon,
Pinellia pedatisecta
The Pinellia spadix is fused to the back of the spathe for some distance, per International Aroid Society.
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Chinese Green Dragon,
Pinellia pedatisecta
Spathe slightly convolute at base, not constricted between tube and limb, per Flora of China.
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Giant Elephant's-ear,
Colocasia gigantea
Spathe tube green, ellipsoid; limb erect, white, oblong-boat-shaped, distinctly constricted, per Flora of China.
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Elephant's-ear,
Colocasia esculenta
Spathe limb opening only proximally (remainder furled), lanceolate or elliptic, apex acuminate, per Flora of China.
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Green Dragon,
Pinellia tripartita
Spathe persistent, slightly constricted between tube & blade, per Flora of China.
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Virginia Dayflower,
Commelina virginica
Flowers from within greenish spathes, usually in a terminal cluster, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Virginia Dayflower,
Commelina virginica
Numerous terminal spathes [easier to see here with the flowers gone], per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Erect Dayflower,
Commelina erecta var. erecta
Flowers subtended by folded heart-shaped spathe, its margins fused basally, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Sand Dayflower,
Commelina erecta var. angustifolia
Flowers grow from within broad fused bracts (spathes) that sheath the stem, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Asiatic Dayflower,
Commelina communis
Flowers subtended by folded heart-shaped spathe, its edges not joined, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Asiatic Dayflower,
Commelina communis
Spathes generally pale toward peduncle, with contrasting dark green veins, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Spreading Dayflower,
Commelina diffusa
Spathes are sickle-shaped (falcate) and their margins are not fused, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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Tropical Spiderwort,
Commelina benghalensis
Spathes funnelform, often clustered, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Hairy Spiderwort,
Tradescantia hirsuticaulis
Tradescantia spathes are paired, terminate stem, and resemble foliage leaves, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Woolly Frogsmouth,
Philydrum lanuginosum
Flowers borne in the axils of spathe-like bracts, per Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.
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Rush-featherling,
Pleea tenuifolia
Bracts of the inflorescence large, spathelike, acuminate-aristate at the tip, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Spring Starflower,
Ipheion uniflorum
Scape terminated by a 2-lobed or parted membraneous spathe & a solitary flower, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Field Garlic,
Allium vineale
A membranous spathe surrounds the inflorescence & extends into a slender beak, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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False Garlic,
Nothoscordum bivalve
Scapes erect, terminated by membranous spathes and umbels of perfect flowers, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Summer Snowflake,
Leucojum aestivum
The umbel's subtending spathe splits open on 1 side for over half its length, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Pale Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium albidum
A single outer bract, 3.5-10cm long, subtends twinned pair of sessile spathes, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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White Irisette,
Sisyrinchium dichotomum
It has several pedunculate spathes that become progressively smaller upwards, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Needletip Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium mucronatum
Each scape has a solitary sessile purple spathe bearing clusters of flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Atlantic Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium atlanticum
Stems much longer than leaves and usually branched, w 2 long-stalked spathes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Narrowleaf Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium angustifolium
Stems are usually branched, each with 2(+) spathes on long peduncles, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).